Charles Pierre Melly

Charles Pierre Melly (1829–1888) was a Liverpool-based cotton merchant, philanthropist, and dedicated Unitarian, renowned for his significant contributions to public health and physical education in the city.

Born in Tuebrook, Liverpool, Melly was the eldest son of André Melly, a Swiss-born cotton merchant, and Ellen Maria Greg. He was raised in a family that valued social responsibility and community service, principles central to Unitarianism. Melly was an active member of the Renshaw Street Unitarian Chapel, where he engaged with like-minded individuals committed to social reform.

During a visit to Geneva in 1852, Melly observed the widespread availability of public drinking fountains. Recognizing the public health benefits, he initiated a project to install similar fountains in Liverpool to provide free, clean drinking water and reduce reliance on alcohol. In 1854, he funded the installation of the first fountain at Prince’s Dock. The initiative was highly successful, and by 1858, Liverpool had 43 such fountains, significantly improving public access to clean water.

Melly's commitment to physical well-being led him to collaborate with John Hulley, a gymnastics and athletics enthusiast. Together, they founded the Liverpool Athletic Club at the Rotunda Gymnasium on Bold Street, promoting physical fitness among the city's residents. In 1862, they organized the first Grand Olympic Festival at Mount Vernon Parade Ground, an event considered a precursor to the modern Olympic Games. These festivals, held annually until 1867, were among the first to be strictly amateur and international in outlook, reflecting Unitarian values of inclusivity and personal development.

Charles Melly's efforts in establishing public drinking fountains and promoting physical education left a lasting impact on Liverpool. His work exemplified Unitarian principles of social reform, public health, and the betterment of society. Melly's legacy continues to be remembered in Liverpool, with several of his original drinking fountains still standing as a testament to his philanthropy.